ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To analyze theconstruction of infectious diseases departments and fever clinics in medical institutions at all levels in Jiangsu Province after the COVID-19 epidemic, and to provide a basis for promoting their standardized construction. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted on the construction of infectious diseases departments and fever clinics in 429 medical institutions of Jiangsu Province from July to December 2020, including the overview of medical institutions, the construction status of infectious diseases departments, the construction status and future construction plans of fever clinics, etc. RESULTS: The construction rate of infectious diseases department and fever clinics in medical institutions of Jiangsu province were 33.3% and 75.3% respectively. Ventilation by opening window for was the main form of airflow organization in infectious diseases department and fever clinics, and independent ICUs and negative pressure wards were not set up in most of infectious diseases departments. The setting rate of "three zones and two channels" in fever clinics was high(96.9%), but most of them were not equipped with special CT for fever clinics patients. The proportion of air conditioning and ventilation system without air disinfection devices in the of fever clinics of medical institutions at all levels was higher than 90%. Considering the both hardware construction and quality management, the situation in tertiary medical institutions were superior to secondary medical institutions, and secondary medical institutions were superior to primary medical institutions. Various construction indicators and management systems failed to fully meet the requirements of documents and standards. CONCLUSION: Jiangsu province actively promotes the construction of infectious diseases department and fever clinic layout, but there is still a gap with the construction standard, which is necessary to further promote standardized construction. We should mend the shortages, strengthen the weakness, expand the bases, comprehensively improve the service and anti-epidemic capacity of infectious diseases departments, fever clinics and even the entire medical and health system, so as to better serve the health and life safety of the people.
ABSTRACT
Three lethal lower respiratory tract coronavirus epidemics have occurred over the past 20 years. This coincided with major developments in genome-wide gene and protein expression analysis, resulting in a wealth of datasets in the public domain. Seven such in vitro studies were selected for comparative bioinformatic analysis through the VirOmics Playground, a user-friendly visualisation and exploration platform we recently developed. Despite the heterogeneous nature of the data sets, several commonalities could be observed across studies and species. Differences, on the other hand, reflected not only variations between species, but also other experimental variables, such as cell lines used for the experiments, infection protocols and potential discrepancies between transcriptome and proteome data. The results presented here are available online and can be replicated through the VirOmics Playground.
Subject(s)
COVID-19ABSTRACT
Since the infection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in several somatic cells, little is known about the infection of SASRS-CoV-2 and its related pangolin coronavirus (GX_P2V). Here we present for the first time that SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus and GX_P2V could infect lung progenitor and even anterior foregut endoderm cells causing these cells death, which differentiated from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs). The infection and replication of SARS-CoV-2 and GX_P2V were inhibited when treated with whey protein of breastmilk and Remdesivir, confirming that these two viruses could infect lung progenitor and even anterior foregut endoderm. Moreover, we found that SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus could infect endoderm and ectoderm. We found that whey protein blocked SARS-CoV-2 infecting these cells. In line with the SARS-CoV-2 results, GX_P2V could also infected endoderm and ectoderm, and also was inhibited by Remdesivir treatment. Although expressing coronavirus related receptor such as ACE2 and TMPRSS2, mesoderm cells are not permissive for SARS-CoV-2 and GX_P2V infection, which needed further to study the mechanisms. Interestingly, we also found that hESCs, which also express ACE2 and TMPRSS2 markers, are permissive for GX_P2V but not SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirus infection and replication, indicating the widespread cell types for GX_P2V infection. Heparin treatment blocked efficiently viral infection. These results provided insight that these stem cells maybe provided a stable repository of coronavirus function or genome. The potential consequence of SARS-CoV-2 and animal coronavirus such as GX_P2V infection in hESCs, germ layer and induced progenitors should be closely monitored.
Subject(s)
Lung Diseases , Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome , Virus Diseases , DeathABSTRACT
Pathogenic coronaviruses represent a major threat to global public health. Here, using a recombinant reporter virus-based compound screening approach, we identified several small-molecule inhibitors that potently block the replication of the newly emerged severe acute respiratory syndrome virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Two compounds, nitazoxanide and JIB-04 inhibited SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero E6 cells with an EC50 of 4.90 M and 0.69 M, respectively, with specificity indices of greater than 150. Both inhibitors had in vitro antiviral activity in multiple cell types against some DNA and RNA viruses, including porcine transmissible gastroenteritis virus. In an in vivo porcine model of coronavirus infection, administration of JIB-04 reduced virus infection and associated tissue pathology, which resulted in improved body weight gain and survival. These results highlight the potential utility of nitazoxanide and JIB-04 as antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2 and other viral pathogens.